• Latin name:
  Thallium
• English name:
  Thallium
• Year discovered:
  1861
• Discovered by:
  William Crookes
• Country of Discovery:
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• Cost per 100 grams:
  85 USD
• CAS Number:
  CAS7440-28-0
• Electron shell:
  K2-L8-M18-N32-O18-P3-Q0-R0

Thallium is a chemical element with symbol Tl and atomic number 81. This soft gray post-transition metal is not found free in nature. When isolated, it resembles tin, but discolors when exposed to air.

• Atomic number:
  81
• Atomic weight (Relative atomic mass):
  204.383512460528 (g/mol)
• Density:
  11.85 (g/cm³)
• Melting point:
  304.0°C = 579.20°F = 577.15K
• Boiling point:
  1473.0°C = 2683.40°F = 1746.15K
• Valence electrons:
  1, 2, 3
• Period:
  6
• Group:
  IIIA
• Block:
  p - block
• Emission spectrum:
  

• Phase:
  Solid

  
• Fusion heat:
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• Specific heat:
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• Thermal expansion:
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• Vaporization heat:
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• Electron configuration:
  [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 6s2 6p1
Oxidation states:

• -
• -1
• -
• -
• -
• -
• +1
• -
• +3
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• Ion charge:
  Tl^{1+, 3+}
• The ionization potential of an atom:
  6.108 (eV)
• Atomic radius:
  156 (pm)
• Covalent radius:
  144 (pm)
• Van der Waals radius:
  196 (pm)

• Electrical conductivity:
  5555555.55555556 (S/m)
• Electrical type:
  Conductor
• Magnetic type:
  Diamagnetism
• Volume magnetic susceptibility:
  -3.56 ⋅ 10^-5
• Mass magnetic susceptibility:
  -3.0 ⋅ 10^-9
• Molar magnetic susceptibility:
  -6.13 ⋅ 10^-10 (m³/mol)
• Resistivity:
  1.8 ⋅ 10^-7 (Ω · m)
• Superconducting point:
  -270.77°C = -455.39°F = 2.38K

• Debye temperature:
  -177.15°C = -286.87°F = 96K

• Colour:
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• CAS Number:
  CAS7440-28-0
• CID Number:
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• RTEC Number:
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• Brinell hardness:
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• Mohs hardness:
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• Vickers hardness:
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• Bulk modulus:
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• Young's modulus:
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• Liquid density:
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• Molar volume:
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• Poisson's ratio:
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• Shear modulus:
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• Speed of sound transmission:
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• Refractive index:
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• Thermal conductivity:
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• Electronegativity:
  1.62
• Valence electrons:
  1, 2, 3
• Electron affinity:
  30.8804 kJ/mole

• Radioactive:
  No
• Half life:
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• Lifetime:
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• Neutron cross section, barn:
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• Universe contains "Thallium" at the rate of
  ----
• Sun contains "Thallium" at the rate of
  1 ⋅ 10^-5%
• Oceans contain "Thallium" at the rate of
  1.0 ⋅ 10^-8%
• Human body contains "Thallium" at the rate of
  7.1341017 ⋅ 10^-7%
• The Earth's crust consists of "Thallium" at the rate of
  8.5 ⋅ 10^-5%
• Meteorites consist of "Thallium" at the rate of
  7.9 ⋅ 10^-6%