• Latin name:
  Borum
• English name:
  Boron
• Year discovered:
  1808
• Discovered by:
  Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, Louis Jacques Thénard, Humphry Davy
• Country of Discovery:
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• Cost per 100 grams:
  2.8 USD
• CAS Number:
  CAS7440-42-8
• Electron shell:
  K2-L3-M0-N0-O0-P0-Q0-R0

Boron is a metalloid chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5. Produced entirely by cosmic ray spallation and supernovae and not by stellar nucleosynthesis, it is a low-abundance element in both the Solar system and the Earth's crust. Boron is concentrated on Earth by the water-solubility of its more common naturally occurring compounds, the borate minerals.

• Atomic number:
  5
• Atomic weight (Relative atomic mass):
  10.8135187949825 (g/mol)
• Density:
  2.34 (g/cm³)
• Melting point:
  2076.0°C = 3768.80°F = 2349.15K
• Boiling point:
  3927.0°C = 7100.60°F = 4200.15K
• Valence electrons:
  3
• Period:
  2
• Group:
  IIIA
• Block:
  p - block
• Emission spectrum:
  

• Phase:
  Solid

  
• Fusion heat:
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• Specific heat:
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• Thermal expansion:
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• Vaporization heat:
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• Electron configuration:
  1s2 2s2 2p1
Oxidation states:

• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• +3
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• Ion charge:
  ----
• The ionization potential of an atom:
  8.298 (eV)
• Atomic radius:
  87 (pm)
• Covalent radius:
  84 (pm)
• Van der Waals radius:
  192 (pm)

• Electrical conductivity:
  6.66666666666667e-05 (S/m)
• Electrical type:
  Dielectric
• Magnetic type:
  Diamagnetism
• Volume magnetic susceptibility:
  -2.14 ⋅ 10^-5
• Mass magnetic susceptibility:
  -8.7 ⋅ 10^-9
• Molar magnetic susceptibility:
  -9.41 ⋅ 10^-11 (m³/mol)
• Resistivity:
  15000.0 (Ω · m)
• Superconducting point:
  ----

• Debye temperature:
  976.85°C = 1790.33°F = 1250K

• Colour:
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• CAS Number:
  CAS7440-42-8
• CID Number:
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• RTEC Number:
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• Brinell hardness:
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• Mohs hardness:
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• Vickers hardness:
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• Bulk modulus:
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• Young's modulus:
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• Liquid density:
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• Molar volume:
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• Poisson's ratio:
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• Shear modulus:
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• Speed of sound transmission:
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• Refractive index:
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• Thermal conductivity:
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• Electronegativity:
  2.04
• Valence electrons:
  3
• Electron affinity:
  26.989 kJ/mole

• Radioactive:
  No
• Half life:
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• Lifetime:
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• Neutron cross section, barn:
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• Universe contains "Boron" at the rate of
  1 ⋅ 10^-7%
• Sun contains "Boron" at the rate of
  2 ⋅ 10^-5%
• Oceans contain "Boron" at the rate of
  4.4 ⋅ 10^-4%
• Human body contains "Boron" at the rate of
  2.568276609 ⋅ 10^-5%
• The Earth's crust consists of "Boron" at the rate of
  0.001%
• Meteorites consist of "Boron" at the rate of
  0.00016%