• Latin name:
  Manganum
• English name:
  Manganese
• Year discovered:
  1774
• Discovered by:
  Johan Gottlieb Gahn, Ignatius Gottfried Kaim
• Country of Discovery:
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• Cost per 100 grams:
  3.76 USD
• CAS Number:
  CAS7439-96-5
• Electron shell:
  K2-L8-M13-N2-O0-P0-Q0-R0

Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is not found as a free element in nature; it is often found in combination with iron, and in many minerals. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels.

• Atomic number:
  25
• Atomic weight (Relative atomic mass):
  54.9380430430528 (g/mol)
• Density:
  7.21 (g/cm³)
• Melting point:
  1246.0°C = 2274.80°F = 1519.15K
• Boiling point:
  2061.0°C = 3741.80°F = 2334.15K
• Valence electrons:
  2, 3, 4, 6, 7
• Period:
  4
• Group:
  
• Block:
  d - block
• Emission spectrum:
  

• Phase:
  Solid

  
• Fusion heat:
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• Specific heat:
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• Thermal expansion:
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• Vaporization heat:
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• Electron configuration:
  [Ar] 3d5 4s2 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s2
Oxidation states:

• 0
• -1
• -
• -3
• -
• -
• +1
• +2
• +3
• +4
• +5
• +6
• +7
• -
• -
• Ion charge:
  Mn^{2+, 4+}
• The ionization potential of an atom:
  7.434 (eV)
• Atomic radius:
  161 (pm)
• Covalent radius:
  129 (pm)
• Van der Waals radius:
  197 (pm)

• Electrical conductivity:
  694444.444444444 (S/m)
• Electrical type:
  Conductor
• Magnetic type:
  Paramagnetism
• Volume magnetic susceptibility:
  9.0387 ⋅ 10^-4
• Mass magnetic susceptibility:
  1.21 ⋅ 10^-9
• Molar magnetic susceptibility:
  6.6475 ⋅ 10^-9 (m³/mol)
• Resistivity:
  1.44 ⋅ 10^-6 (Ω · m)
• Superconducting point:
  ----

• Debye temperature:
  126.85°C = 260.33°F = 400K

• Colour:
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• CAS Number:
  CAS7439-96-5
• CID Number:
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• RTEC Number:
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• Brinell hardness:
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• Mohs hardness:
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• Vickers hardness:
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• Bulk modulus:
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• Young's modulus:
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• Liquid density:
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• Molar volume:
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• Poisson's ratio:
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• Shear modulus:
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• Speed of sound transmission:
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• Refractive index:
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• Thermal conductivity:
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• Electronegativity:
  1.55
• Valence electrons:
  2, 3, 4, 6, 7
• Electron affinity:
  -50.0 kJ/mole

• Radioactive:
  No
• Half life:
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• Lifetime:
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• Neutron cross section, barn:
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• Universe contains "Manganese" at the rate of
  0.0008%
• Sun contains "Manganese" at the rate of
  0.001%
• Oceans contain "Manganese" at the rate of
  2 ⋅ 10^-5%
• Human body contains "Manganese" at the rate of
  1.712184406 ⋅ 10^-5%
• The Earth's crust consists of "Manganese" at the rate of
  0.095%
• Meteorites consist of "Manganese" at the rate of
  0.27%