• Latin name:
  Magnesium
• English name:
  Magnesium
• Year discovered:
  1755
• Discovered by:
  Joseph Black, Humphry Davy
• Country of Discovery:
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• Cost per 100 grams:
  8.5 USD
• CAS Number:
  CAS7439-95-4
• Electron shell:
  K2-L8-M2-N0-O0-P0-Q0-R0

Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (Group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table:they each have the same electron configuration in their outer electron shell producing a similar crystal structure. Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe.

• Atomic number:
  12
• Atomic weight (Relative atomic mass):
  24.3050516136388 (g/mol)
• Density:
  1.738 (g/cm³)
• Melting point:
  650.0°C = 1202.00°F = 923.15K
• Boiling point:
  1090.0°C = 1994.00°F = 1363.15K
• Valence electrons:
  2
• Period:
  3
• Group:
  IIA
• Block:
  s - block
• Emission spectrum:
  

• Phase:
  Solid

  
• Fusion heat:
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• Specific heat:
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• Thermal expansion:
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• Vaporization heat:
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• Electron configuration:
  [Ne] 3s2 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
Oxidation states:

• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• +2
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• -
• Ion charge:
  Mg²⁺
• The ionization potential of an atom:
  7.646 (eV)
• Atomic radius:
  145 (pm)
• Covalent radius:
  140 (pm)
• Van der Waals radius:
  173 (pm)

• Electrical conductivity:
  22779043.2801822 (S/m)
• Electrical type:
  Conductor
• Magnetic type:
  Paramagnetism
• Volume magnetic susceptibility:
  1.2 ⋅ 10^-5
• Mass magnetic susceptibility:
  6.9 ⋅ 10^-9
• Molar magnetic susceptibility:
  1.68 ⋅ 10^-10 (m³/mol)
• Resistivity:
  4.39 ⋅ 10^-8 (Ω · m)
• Superconducting point:
  ----

• Debye temperature:
  44.85°C = 112.73°F = 318K

• Colour:
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• CAS Number:
  CAS7439-95-4
• CID Number:
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• RTEC Number:
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• Brinell hardness:
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• Mohs hardness:
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• Vickers hardness:
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• Bulk modulus:
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• Young's modulus:
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• Liquid density:
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• Molar volume:
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• Poisson's ratio:
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• Shear modulus:
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• Speed of sound transmission:
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• Refractive index:
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• Thermal conductivity:
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• Electronegativity:
  1.31
• Valence electrons:
  2
• Electron affinity:
  -40.0 kJ/mole

• Radioactive:
  No
• Half life:
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• Lifetime:
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• Neutron cross section, barn:
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• Universe contains "Magnesium" at the rate of
  0.06%
• Sun contains "Magnesium" at the rate of
  0.076%
• Oceans contain "Magnesium" at the rate of
  0.13%
• Human body contains "Magnesium" at the rate of
  0.02710958643198%
• The Earth's crust consists of "Magnesium" at the rate of
  2.33%
• Meteorites consist of "Magnesium" at the rate of
  12.0%