• Latin name:
  Ruthenium
• English name:
  Ruthenium
• Year discovered:
  1844
• Discovered by:
  Karl Ernst Claus
• Country of Discovery:
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• Cost per 100 grams:
  668 USD
• CAS Number:
  CAS7440-18-8
• Electron shell:
  K2-L8-M18-N15-O1-P0-Q0-R0

Ruthenium is a chemical element with symbol Ru and atomic number 44. It is a rare transition metal belonging to the platinum group of the periodic table. Like the other metals of the platinum group, ruthenium is inert to most other chemicals.

• Atomic number:
  44
• Atomic weight (Relative atomic mass):
  101.064936840548 (g/mol)
• Density:
  12.45 (g/cm³)
• Melting point:
  2334.0°C = 4233.20°F = 2607.15K
• Boiling point:
  4150.0°C = 7502.00°F = 4423.15K
• Valence electrons:
  2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8
• Period:
  5
• Group:
  
• Block:
  d - block
• Emission spectrum:
  

• Phase:
  Solid

  
• Fusion heat:
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• Specific heat:
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• Thermal expansion:
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• Vaporization heat:
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• Electron configuration:
  [Kr] 4d7 5s1 = 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d7 5s1
Oxidation states:

• 0
• -
• -2
• -
• -
• -
• -
• +2
• +3
• +4
• +5
• +6
• +7
• +8
• -
• Ion charge:
  Ru^{3+, 4+}
• The ionization potential of an atom:
  7.361 (eV)
• Atomic radius:
  178 (pm)
• Covalent radius:
  136 (pm)
• Van der Waals radius:
  207 (pm)

• Electrical conductivity:
  14084507.0422535 (S/m)
• Electrical type:
  Conductor
• Magnetic type:
  Paramagnetism
• Volume magnetic susceptibility:
  6.7 ⋅ 10^-5
• Mass magnetic susceptibility:
  5.42 ⋅ 10^-9
• Molar magnetic susceptibility:
  5.48 ⋅ 10^-10 (m³/mol)
• Resistivity:
  7.1 ⋅ 10^-8 (Ω · m)
• Superconducting point:
  -272.66°C = -458.79°F = 0.49K

• Debye temperature:
  326.85°C = 620.33°F = 600K

• Colour:
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• CAS Number:
  CAS7440-18-8
• CID Number:
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• RTEC Number:
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• Brinell hardness:
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• Mohs hardness:
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• Vickers hardness:
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• Bulk modulus:
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• Young's modulus:
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• Liquid density:
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• Molar volume:
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• Poisson's ratio:
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• Shear modulus:
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• Speed of sound transmission:
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• Refractive index:
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• Thermal conductivity:
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• Electronegativity:
  2.2
• Valence electrons:
  2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8
• Electron affinity:
  100.96 kJ/mole

• Radioactive:
  No
• Half life:
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• Lifetime:
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• Neutron cross section, barn:
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• Universe contains "Ruthenium" at the rate of
  4 ⋅ 10^-7%
• Sun contains "Ruthenium" at the rate of
  5 ⋅ 10^-5%
• Oceans contain "Ruthenium" at the rate of
  7.0 ⋅ 10^-9%
• Human body contains "Ruthenium" at the rate of
  ----
• The Earth's crust consists of "Ruthenium" at the rate of
  1 ⋅ 10^-7%
• Meteorites consist of "Ruthenium" at the rate of
  8.1 ⋅ 10^-5%